Jose Bonifacio


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Jose Bonifacio


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Jose Bonifacio


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Jose Bonifacio


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José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva

Mr. José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva was a towering figure (maybe the most important one) of the Brazilian Intellectual circles who participated actively in the movement towards the independence of Brazil as D. Pedro l's counselor. This office gave him the cognomen of "Patriarca da Independência" (Patriarch of the Independence). He was also the author of the abolition project in Brazil presented to the Constituent Assembly in 1823. This year besides celebrating the centennial of the abolition of slavery we pay homage to the 150th anniversary of his death.

José Bonifácio was born in 1763 in Santos—State of São Paulo—Brazil and spent part of his life in Europe. Graduated in Law and Natural Philosophy in Coimbra, he joined the Science Academy of Lisbon. In his trips around Europe he studied Chemistry and Mineralogy with very important scientists. He collected data, made scientific experiences and discovered 4 new minerals and 8 types of unknown species. He taught Geognosy at University of Coimbra. Knowing twelve languages he could speak four.

Back to Brazil in 1819, he continued to make scientific researches. A talented man having an unquiet temperament was also headed towards politics and participated actively in the activities concerning the independence of our country. He was appointed to be the head of the Ministry for Kingdom and Overseas Affairs.

His relationship with the prince became incompatible and he decided to join the opposition. In 1823 he was exiled and went to live in Bordeaux where, in 1825, come out his "Poesias Avulsas" (Sundry Poetries). To publish them he used the pseudonymous Américo Elísio. José Bonifácio came back to Brazil in 1829. In 1831 when Dom Pedro I abdicated from the throne, he was appointed by the former Emperor to be the tutor of the Emperor's sons. Since he did not agree with the confused Regent's government he tried to reestablish the Empire. In 1833 he lost his duties of tutor and was accused to be a traitor, but he was exculpated. He died on April 6, 1838 in Niterói.

José Bonifácio had also been engaged in Literature. His work ''Poesias Avulsas'' that come out in Bordeaux were republished in Brazil, in 1861, by the publisher Laemmert. Here it received the title "Poesias" (Poetries) and the publication had the coordination of Joaquim Norberto de Sousa. In 1942 Afrânio Peixoto prepared another issue that came out through the Brazilian Academy of Letters. The mentioned work, prefaced with a text by Sérgio Buarque de Holanda was also published in a collection, as the I volume, idealized by the "Instituto Nacional do Livro" (The National Institute of the Book), that came out in 1946 and received the title ''Poesias de Américo Elísio" (Américo Elísio's Poetries). The lines of his poetry are full of a naturalistic pantheism that expresses his intellectual character and scientific curiosity.

His Scientific, Political and Social works published in III volume, were compiled and reproduced by Edgar Cerqueira Falcão with the title ''Obras científicas, politicas e sociais de José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva".

Its third edition came out in 1963 to celebrate the bicentennial of the Patriarch of the Independence. José Bonifácio is the Patron of the 40th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.

CATARINA HELENA KNYCHALA Adviser of the Director of the INL

 

NOTE:not responsible for French translation work.

 

SESQUICENTENÃRIO DA MORTE DE JOSE BONIFACIO DE ANDRADA E SILVA

José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva, um dos homens mais cultos que o Brasil já possuiu, participou ativamente do movimento de independência do Brasil, como Conselheiro de D. Pedro I, sendo por isso cognominado Patriarca da Independência. Foi também, o autor do primeiro projeto abolicionista surgido no Brasil, apresentado à Assembléia Constituinte de 1823. Neste ano, o mesmo em que se comemora o centenário da abolicão da escravatura no Brasil, relembramos o sesqu'icentenário de sua morte. José Bonifácio nasceu em Santos, SP, em 1763, e passou grande parte de sua vida na Europa. Em Coimbra, formou-se em Leis e em Filosofia Natural.

Pertenceu à Academia de Ciências de Lisboa. Em viagens pelo Velho Mundo, estudou química e minera ·Iogiacom grandes cientistas, recolheu informações, fez experiências científicas e descobriu quatro minerais novos e oito variedades de espécies desconhecidas. Foi professor de Geografia na Universidade de Coimbra. Conhecia doze línguas e falava quatro. Regressando ao Brasil em 1819, continuou suas pesquisas científicas mas, homem de temperamento ardente e dotado de múltiplos talentos, foi atraído também pela política, participando energicamente da ação em prol da independência de nosso país e assumindo a pasta dos Negócios do Reino e Estrangeiros. Incompatibilizando-se com O príncipe reinante, passou para a oposição e, em 1823, exilado, fixou-se em Bordéus, onde publicou, em 1825, suas Poesias avulsas, sob o pseudônimo de Américo Elísio. Voltou ao Brasil em 1829 e D. Pedro I, ao abdicar, em 1831, nomeou-o tutor dos filhos. Inconformado com os demandos da Regência, tentou trabalhar a favor da restauração imperial.

Em 1833 foi destituído da tutoria e acusado de traidor, sendo, porém, absolvido. Faleceu a 6 de abril de 1838, em Niterói. José Bonifácio dedicou-se também à literatura. Suas poesias, lançadas em Bordéus, foram reeditadas no Brasil, com o título de Poesias, pela Laemmert, em 1861, com editoria textual de Joaquim Norberto de Sousa. Em 1942 a Academia Brasileira de Letras lançou uma edição preparada por Afrânio Peixoto. Na coleção Obras.completas de José Bonifácio, projetada pelo Instituto Nacional do Livro, saiu, em 1946, o 1? volume, intitulado Poesias de Américo Elísio e prefaciado por Sérgio Buarque de Holanda. Seus ver- . sos, impregnados de um panteísmo naturalístico, dão a medida de seu caráter intelectual e de sua curiosidade científica. As Obras científicas, políticas e sociais de José 80nifácio de Andrada e Silva, em 3 volumes, coligidas e reproduzidas por Edgar de Cerqueira Falcão, teve a sua 3? edição em 1963, em comemoração ao bicentenário de nascimento do Patriarca da Independência. José Bonifácio é o patrono da Cadeira n? 40 da Academia Brasileira de Letras.

CATARINA HELENA KNYCHALA Assessora do Diretor do INL

 

 

CENT CINQUANTIÈME ANNIVERSAIRE DE LA MORT DE JOSÉ BONIFÁCIO DE ANDRADA E SILVA

José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva, l'un des esprits les plus cultivés que le Brésil ait jamais connu, participa activement au mouvement d'indépendance du Brésil en tant que conseiller de D. Pedro I, d'où son surnom de Patriarche de l'lndépendance. II fut également l'auteur du 1er projet abolitionniste du Brésil, présenté à l'Assemblée Constituante de 1823.

Cette année, qui verra les commémorations du centenaire de l'abolition de ltesclavage au Brésil, marque également le cent cinquantième anniversaire de sa mort.

José Bonifácio est né à Santos (province de São Paulo) en 1763 et vécut longtemps en Europe. A Coimbra, il obtint ses diplômes de droit et de philosophie naturelle. ll fut membre de l'Académie des Sciences de Lisbonne. En parcourant l'ancien monde, il étudia la chimie ft la minéralogie auprès de savants de grand renom, rassembla des informations, fit des expériences scientifiques et découvrit 4 nouveaux minéraux et huit variétés d'espèces jusqu'alors inconnues. ll exerça les fonctions de professeur de géologie à l'Université de Coimbra. II connaissait douze langues et en parlait quatre.

De retour au Brésil en 1819, il poursuivit ses recherches scientifiques, mais, doué d'une sensibilité ardente et ayant des ressources variées, il se tourna également vers la politique, fut un participant actif du mouvement d'indépendance de notre pays et reçut le portefeuille des Affaires du Royaume et des Affaires étrangères.

Brouillé avec le prince régnant, il entra dans l'opposition stexila et élut domicile en 1823 à Bordeaux, oú il devait publier en 1825 ses "Poesias avulsas" (diverses poésies sans fil dirécteur) sous le pseudonyme d'Américo Elísio. ll retourna au Brésil en 1829. En 1831, D. Pedro I abdiqua et le prit pour tuteur de ses fils. Désapprouvant les abus commis par la régence, il travailla à restaurer l'Empire. En 1333, il fut relevé de sa qualité de tuteur et encourut l'accusation de trahison. Par la suite, il fut toutefois réhabilité. ll s'éteignit à Niterói le 6 avril 1838.

José Bonifácio se consacrait également à la littérature. Ses poésies, parues à Bordeaux furent rééditées en 1861 au Brésil sous le titre de "Póesias" par Laemmert éditeur, sous la direction de Joaquim Norberto de Sousa. En 1942 I'Académie brésilienne des belles-lettres publia une edition mise sur pied par Afrânio Peixoto. Dans la collection "Oeuvres complètesdeJosé Bonifácio"—un projetde l'lnstitut national du livre—le premier volume, préfacé par Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, parut en 1946 sous le titre "Poesias deAmérico Elísio" Ses vers, imprégnés d'un panthéisme naturaliste, donnent la juste mesure de sa richesse intellectuelle et de sa curiosité scientifique.

La troisième édition des "Oeuvres scientiSques, politiques etsociales de José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva" publiées en 3 volumes, compilées et reproduités par Edgar de Cerqueira Falcão a paru en 1963, pour commémorer le bicentenáire de la naissance du Patriarche de l'lndépendance.

José Bonifácio est le patron du siège n° 40 de l'Académie brésilienne des belles-lettres.


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 Copyright 2012 notice: Please note that most material on this site is copyrighted, if pieces and bits of this site is found in other locations without proper authorization there are happy lawyers that would be glad to contact you. If you would like to use some pictures, contents of this site, please contact author first
For problems or questions and advertising regarding this Web site contact email vivabrazil.
Last updated: 12/22/11.


Home | Brazilian Regions | This is Brazil | What is new | Search Help | Contact Information

 Copyright 2012 notice: Please note that most material on this site is copyrighted, if pieces and bits of this site is found in other locations without proper authorization there are happy lawyers that would be glad to contact you. If you would like to use some pictures, contents of this site, please contact author first
For problems or questions and advertising regarding this Web site contact email vivabrazil.
Last updated: 12/22/11.


Home | Brazilian Regions | This is Brazil | What is new | Search Help | Contact Information

 Copyright 2012 notice: Please note that most material on this site is copyrighted, if pieces and bits of this site is found in other locations without proper authorization there are happy lawyers that would be glad to contact you. If you would like to use some pictures, contents of this site, please contact author first
For problems or questions and advertising regarding this Web site contact email vivabrazil.
Last updated: 12/26/11.