Dom Pedro II


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Dom Pedro II


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Dom Pedro II


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SESQUICENTENÁRIO DA SAGRAÇÃO E CENTENÁRIO DA MORTE DE D. PEDRO II

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D. Pedro II nasceu no Palácio de São Cristóvão (Quinta da Boa Vista), Rio de Janeiro-RJ, a 2 de dezembro de 1825 e faleceu em Paris, a 5 de dezembro de 1891. Filho de D. Pedro I e sua mulher, a Imperatriz Leopoldina, recebeu na pia batismal o nome de Pedro de Alcântara João Carlos Salvador Bebiano Xavier de Paula Leocádio Miguel Gabriel Gonzaga.

Foi aclamado a 7 de abril de 1831, no dia da abdicação de seu pai, tendo como tutor José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva. Proclamado maior a 23 de julho de 1840, foi coroado a 18 de julho do ano seguinte. O reinado de D. Pedro II teve início, portanto no dia da proclamação de sua maioridade e terminou com a sua deposição a 15 dé novembro de 1889, com o advento do regime republicano.

Em 1833, José Bonifácio foi destituído da tutoria, sendo designado pela Assembléia-Geral do Império para substituí-lo Manoel Inácio de Andrade Souto Maior, Marquês de Itanhaém.

Teve como mestres os nomes mais conspícuos de professores de sua época, que o instruíram e, principalmente, o formaram, sob a orientacão do preceptor, o carmelita Frei Pedro de Santa Mariana mais tarde bispo de Crisópolis, que Ihe ensinou a doutrina católica, latim e matemática.

Casou-se em 1842, com a Princesa Teresa Cristina Maria, filha de Francisco I, rei das Duas Sicílias, e de sua mulher Maria Isabel de Bourbon. Desse casamento nasceram quatro filhos: Afonso (1845-1847), Isabel, chamada a Redentora (1846 -1921), Leopoldina (1847 - 1871 ) e Pedro (1848 - 1850) . A morte dos dois varões foi um rude golpe para o Imperador.

Pedro II deu ao Brasil 49 anos de paz interna, prosperidade e progresso. Durante o seu reinado foi aberta a primeira estrada de rodagem, a União e Indústria; correu a primeira locomotiva a vapor; foi instalado o cabo submarino; inaugurado o telefone e instituído o selo postal.

O imperador magnânimo e mecenas, ao cabo de proveitoso reinado, recebe a República como um movimento natural da evolução brasileira, deixando a pátria estremecida, formulando "ardentes votos por sua grandeza e prosperidade".

Morto no exílio, em Paris, aos 66 anos, deu-lhe a Franca funerais régios, fazendo depositar o corpo no Panteão dos Bragança, no Convento de São Vicente de Fora, em Lisboa.

Por fim, revogada a Lei do Banimento, foram seus restos mortais transladados para o Brasil onde repousam em Petrópolis, na Catedral cuja construção teve início sob seu generoso patrocínio.

PROF. LOURENÇO WIZ LACOMBE

 

150 YEARS OF ACCLAMATION AND 100 YEARS OF THE DEATH OF D. PEDRO II

D. Pedro II was born in the São Cristóvão Palace (Quinta da Boa Vista), Rio de Janeiro-RJ, on December 2 1825 and died in Paris, on December 5, 1891. Son of D. Padro I and his wife, the Empress Leopoldina, he was given the name of Pedro de Alcântara João Carlos Salvador Bebiano Xavier de Paula Leocádio Miguel Gabriel Gonzaga.

He was acclaimed emperor on April 7, 1831, the same day that his father abdicated . His legal guardian was José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva . He was declared adult on July 23, 1840 and was crowned on July 18 of the following year. The reign of D. Pedro II, therefore, began on the day he was declared adult and finished with his overthrown on November 15, 1889, with the advent of the republican regime.

In 1833, José Bonifácio was dismissed from the tutorial and Manoel Inácio de Andrade Souto Maior, Marquis of Itanhaém, was designated by the general assembly of the empire to substitute for him.

He had as masters the most prominent teachers at that time which instructed and, mainly, educated him under the supervision of the preceptor, the Carmelite Brother Pedro de Santa Mariana. Brother Pedro taught him the Catholic doctrine Latin and Mathematics, and later on was named bishop of Crisópolis.

D. Pedro II married Princess Teresa Cristina Maria, daughter of Francis I, King of Two Sicilies, and his wife Maria Isabel de Bourbon. From this marriage were born four children: Afonso (1845 - 1847), Isabel (called the Redeemer (1846 -1921))

Leopoldina (1847 -1871) and Pedro (1848 - 1850). The death of the two sons was a strong shock for the Emperor.

Pedro II gave Brazil 49 years of domestic peace, prosperity and progress. During his reign "União e Indústria" (Union and Industry), the first paved road, was built; the first steam-engine started running; the submarine cable was installed; the telephone was inaugurated and the postal stamp was instituted .

The noble and Maecenas emperor, at the end of a profitable reign, welcomed Republic as a natural movement of the Brazilian evolution and left the country shacked, expressing his "ardent wishes for the greatness and prosperity of Brazil".

He died in exile in Paris, at 66 years old. France gave him a royal funeral, depositing his body in the Braganca's Pantheon in the São Vicente de Fora Convent, Lisbon.

At last, the Banishment Law was revoked and his mortal remains were transferred to Brazil where they rest now in Petrópolis, in the Cathedral whose building began under his generous patronage.

 

PROFESSOR LOURENCO WIZ LACOMBE Imperial Museum Petrópolis - Rio de Janeiro State

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Last updated: 12/22/11.


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 Copyright 2012 notice: Please note that most material on this site is copyrighted, if pieces and bits of this site is found in other locations without proper authorization there are happy lawyers that would be glad to contact you. If you would like to use some pictures, contents of this site, please contact author first
For problems or questions and advertising regarding this Web site contact email vivabrazil.
Last updated: 12/22/11.


Home | Brazilian Regions | This is Brazil | What is new | Search Help | Contact Information

 Copyright 2012 notice: Please note that most material on this site is copyrighted, if pieces and bits of this site is found in other locations without proper authorization there are happy lawyers that would be glad to contact you. If you would like to use some pictures, contents of this site, please contact author first
For problems or questions and advertising regarding this Web site contact email vivabrazil.
Last updated: 12/22/11.


Home | Brazilian Regions | This is Brazil | What is new | Search Help | Contact Information

 Copyright 2012 notice: Please note that most material on this site is copyrighted, if pieces and bits of this site is found in other locations without proper authorization there are happy lawyers that would be glad to contact you. If you would like to use some pictures, contents of this site, please contact author first
For problems or questions and advertising regarding this Web site contact email vivabrazil.
Last updated: 12/26/11.