500 Anos do Tratado de Tordesilhas


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500 Anos do Tratado de Tordesilhas


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500 Anos do Tratado de Tordesilhas


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500 ANOS DA ASSINATURA DO TRATADO DE TORDESILHAS

O Tratado de Tordesiihas, celebrado por Espanha e Portugal em 7 dejunho de 1494, fixou critérios de partilha, entre os dois países, das terras descobertas além-mar por Colombo e outros navegadores posteriores.

Já anteriormente, em 1493, o Papa Alexandre VI expedira bulas fixando uma linha de fronteira (meridiano) de pólo a pólo a cem léguas do arquipélago de Cabo Verde. A Espanha teria o domínio exclusivo sobre as terras a oeste da linha e Portugal sobre aquelas a leste. Nenhuma outra potência poderia ocupar territórios que já se encontrassem sob um soberano cristão.

Diante da crise diplomática e da ameaça de confronto armado, entabularam-se negociações de imediato, durante as quais os reis espanhóis Fernando Il e Isabel I conseguiram a edição da bula Inter coetera (de 3-4 de maio de 1493), pela qual ficava reconhecida a Castela a posse das terras e ilhas achadas e por descobrir, a ocidente de um meridiano que passaria a 100 léguas (cerca de 320 milhas marítimas) a oeste das ilhas de Cabo Verde ou dos Açores.

As falhas geográficas e políticas da bula pontifícia em nada contribuíram para resolver as pendências entre as coroas ibéricas. Resolveram os soberanos então reunir missões diplomáticas em Tordesilhas, pequeno burgo às margens do rio Douro, entre Salamanca e Valladolid, no noroeste da Espanha. Embora mantendo o princípio da divisão do mundo em duas partes, como estabelecera a bula papal, espanhóis e portugueses traçam o meridiano bem mais a oeste: a 370 léguas (1.184 milhas) de Cabo Verde (entre as latitudes 480 e 49° a oeste de Greenwich). A parte oriental caberia a Castela, a ocidental a Portugal. A ratificação pontifícia deste tratado só veio a ocorrer em 1506, ano da morte de Colombo, pelo Papa Júlio Il.

O Tratado de Tordesilhas impediu um conflito entre as duas nações ibéricas e consagrou o princípio da livre movimentação de conquista e exploração, desses dois países, nos domínios reservados.

PROF. ESTEVÃO C. DE REZENDE MARTINS Universidade de Brasília


500 YEARS OF THE SIGNATURE OF THE TREATY OF TORDESILLAS

The Treaty of Tordesillas signed by Spain and Portugal on June7, 1494, fixed the criteria of partitioning the overseas lands discovered by Columbus and later by other navigators between the two countries.

Previously, in 1493, Pope Alexander VI had already issued an edict defining a line from the North Pole to the South Pole (meridian) at 100 leagues from the "Cabo Verde" archipelago. Spain would have total domain over the lands west of the line and Portugal over those east of the line. No other nation could occupy territories already under possession of a Christian sovereign.

It the imminence of diplomatic crises and threats of armed confrontation, negotiations were rapidly arranged during which the Spanish sovereigns Ferdinand Il and Isabella I succeed in having the edict "Inter coetera" issued (May 3-4, 1493). That edict recognized Castela’s dominion over lands and islands discovered or to be discovered west of a meridian 100 leagues distance (about 320 maritime miles) west of "Cabo Verde" islands or of Azores.

The geographic and political inaccuracies did not contribute to solve the pending discords between the Iberian Crowns. Therefore the sovereigns decided to convene diplomatic missions to Tordesillas, a small town at the river Douro margins, between Salamanca and Valladolid, northwest of Spain. Although maintaining the principle of the world’s division into two portions as established by the papal edict, Spanish and Portuguese traced the meridian farther west: 370 leagues (1184 miles) from "Cabo Verde" (between latitudes 48° and 49° west of Greenwich). The east portion would come to Castela and the west portion to Portugal. The papal ratification of this treaty, signed by Pope Julius Il, was to take place only in 1506, year of Columbus’ death.

The Treaty of Tordesillas prevented a conflict between two Iberian nations and established the principle of free actions of conquest and exploration by those two countries over the reserved dominions.

PROF. ESTEVÃO C. DE REZENDE MARTINS University of Brasilia

 

 


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 Copyright 2012 notice: Please note that most material on this site is copyrighted, if pieces and bits of this site is found in other locations without proper authorization there are happy lawyers that would be glad to contact you. If you would like to use some pictures, contents of this site, please contact author first
For problems or questions and advertising regarding this Web site contact email vivabrazil.
Last updated: 12/22/11.


Home | Brazilian Regions | This is Brazil | What is new | Search Help | Contact Information

 Copyright 2012 notice: Please note that most material on this site is copyrighted, if pieces and bits of this site is found in other locations without proper authorization there are happy lawyers that would be glad to contact you. If you would like to use some pictures, contents of this site, please contact author first
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Last updated: 12/26/11.